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Bacton, Suffolk (!St. Edmundsbury & Ipswich) Doom, C.15

Photo:T.Marshall Doom, Bacton, Suffolk [109KB]
The central part of this 15th century Doom has gone completely, but there are some very interesting details in the side sections, pictured in detail below. At the left, and pictured below right here, the saved are welcomed by St. Peter, a splendid figure in the papal tiara and gold-bordered robes, his keys hanging from his wrist. There may be a pope or two among the awestruck naked group standing in line to the right, along with a possible cardinal and king, several men with tonsures and perhaps even some scholars in academic caps. Below, other figures rise from their graves. Doom, Bacton, Suffolk, detail, saved [115KB]

Although the painter here was no great master, he has worked hard at suggesting various attitudes of amazement, and the semi-recumbent figure (perhaps another pope, with tiara) at the bottom of the scene, pictured clambering over the edge of a tomb with head turned to look upward, is drawn with some elegance.
At the top right of this side of the painting another group of figures with particularly long slender legs like all those here, has probably just arrived at the gates of Heaven. They may be about to encounter St. Michael, the Weigher of Souls, who is perhaps the obscure but heavily feathered figure standing just below (extreme right). But the most interesting aspect of all is the painted architecture here. St. Peter is framed by an elaborate doorway in a gloriously eclectic mixture of architectural styles. Two pillars, at least one of them with odd horizontal fluting and painted in purple-red, have a broader square pillar to the left and support a classical-style entablature decorated with a horizontal row of chevrons and above that, several circular motifs. It all looks very Italianate, and it certainly suggests a degree of acquaintance with Continental architectural styles on the part of the painter.

At the right, and shown at the left here, things in Hell are chaotic, as usual. A group of people at the top are possibly being prodded into Hell by a figure at the left, reduced now to its lower legs, and below the feet of this group is a rectangular panel or cartouche with an inscription.Doom, Bacton, Suffolk, detail, damned [87KB] Unreadable now, it is probably Gods declaration Ite, maledicti... attached to several of the Dooms in these pages, or some variant of it.¹.

Around and below this, figures fall into Hell and at the bottom, damaged now but detectable, is a devil (with a tail) pushing a wheelbarrow loaded with at least one and probably more figures. I think there is another prancing devil, possibly blowing a horn, above the wheelbarrow, but these small details are hard to see. This is, evidently, someone literally going to Hell in a handcart, a detail found also at nearby Yaxley, and, newly on the site, at Chesterton in Cambridgeshire . Similar details, suggesting reference to proverbs or sayings, crop up across the spectrum of later medieval art - a wheelbarrow, carrying an unhappy-looking jester standing in a wicker basket appears in a contemporary Burgundian manuscript². The man pushing it is not visibly devilish, but like the Bacton detail, the illustration may be a comment, more meaningful then than now, on the fate of those who pursue folly.

¹Munro Cautleys (Suffolk Churches, p.219) sugestion that this is a superimposed Elizabethan black letter inscription seems to me highly unlikely.
² The Black Hours of Charles the Rash, Duke of Burgundy, f.33, reproduced in John Harthan, Books of Hours and their owners, Thames & Hudson, 1978, p.108. The text on the page is the opening of Johns Gospel - In principio erat verbum...

Woman Donor, Doom at North Cove
Ashampstead, Berkshire Attleborough, Norfolk (Christ in Majesty) Bacton, Suffolk Bartlow, Cambridgeshire (Weighing) Beckley, Oxfordshire Bishopsbourne, Kent (Weighing)
Blyth, Nottinghamshire Bradfield, Norfolk Broughton, Bucks. Broughton, Cambs Catherington, Hampshire (Weighing) Chelsworth, Suffolk
Chesterton, Cambs. Corby Glen, Lincs Coventry (Holy Trinity Church), Warwickshire Croughton, Northants (Weighing) NEW Dauntsey, Wiltshire NEW Flamstead, Herts.
Great Harrowden, Beds Great Shelford, Cambridgeshire Houghton Conquest, Beds (Christ in Majesty) Ickleton, Cambs. Lenham, Kent (Weighing) NEW Marston Moreteyne, Beds
Marton, Cheshire Newington-next-Sittingbourne, Kent North Cove, Suffolk Oddington, Gloucestershire Pickworth, Lincs Potter Heigham, Norfolk
Rotherfield, E.Sussex (Doom) Rotherfield, E. Sussex (Weighing) Salisbury, Wilts Slapton, Northants (Weighing) South Leigh, Oxon (Doom)
South Leigh, Oxon (Weighing) Stoke-by-Clare, Suffolk Stratford-On-Avon, the Guild chapel, Warwickshire NEW Wenhaston, Suffolk West Somerton, Norfolk Widford, Herts
Wissington, Suffolk Yaxley, Suffolk

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27/05/2001

© Anne Marshall 2001 5/3/13